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Threshold stress before binder flows; affects chipping embedment.

Lab test determining the flow characteristics of bitumen binder. Ensures specification compliance before large-scale spraying begins.

Mobile application calculating binder or paint yield from nozzle and pressure inputs. Assists engineers with on-site calibration checks.

Spreadsheet template calculating binder yield per route. Enables quick post-job verification of material consumption.

Software module analysing binder usage per square metre. Helps planners forecast material orders and monitor cost efficiency.

Digital dashboard displaying material usage per job. Helps supervisors monitor efficiency and forecast upcoming supply needs.

Report comparing theoretical and actual binder usage. Confirms contract compliance and material accountability.

Slightly over-rolled binder film before final embedment.

Matrix of chips showing embedment.

Repair of scuffed binder films.